英语四级翻译练习题：龙图腾
对龙图腾他的崇拜在中国大约已绵延了八千多年。中国龙是古人将鱼、蛇、马、牛等动物与云雾、雷电等自然天象集合而成的一种神物。 中国龙的形成与中华民族的多元融合过程同步。在中国人的心目中，龙具有振奋腾飞、开拓变化的寓意和团结凝聚的精神。
译文
Chinese Dragon Dragon totem worship in China has been around for the last 8,000 years. The ancients in China considered the dragon (or loong) a fetish that combines animals including the fish, snake, horse and ox with cloud, thunder, lightning and other natural celestial phenomena. The Chinese dragon was formed in accordance with the multicultural fusion process of the Chinese nation. To the Chinese, the dragon signifies innovation and cohesion.
英语四级翻译练习题：东方明珠
东方明珠广播电视塔(the Oriental Pearl TV Tower)坐落于上海陆家嘴浦东园区。东方明珠东北是杨浦大桥，西南是南浦大桥，构成“二龙戏珠"的画面。这幅壮观的画面常年吸引着成千上万的游客。这座468米高的电视塔是世界上第三高的电视广播塔。整个电视塔建造在茂盛的绿草地上，像玉盘里的一颗珍珠一样闪闪发亮。这座超现代的电视塔将古老的概念，如球形的珍珠，和21世纪的技术、商业、娱乐、教育和会议设施相结合，真是很神奇。
参考翻译:
Located in Pudong Park in Lujiazui，Shanghai, the Oriental Pearl TV Tower with the Yangpu Bridge in the northeast and the Nanpu Bridge in the southwest, creates a picture of "two dragons playing with a pearl”.This magnificent scene attracts thousands of visitors all year long.This 468-meter-high tower is the world's third highest TV and radio tower.The entire structure rests on rich green grassland and gives the appearance of a pearl shining on a jade plate.It is amazing that this ultra-modern TV tower combines ancient concepts such as the spherical pearls, with technology, commerce, recreation, educational and conference facilities of the 21st century.
1.坐落于：即be located in,还可以用be situated in,这类词组在介绍位罝的文章中经常用到。
2.二龙戏珠：可译为two dragons playing with a pearl。
3.这幅壮观的画面：可译为this magnificent scene。其中的magnificent还可以用spectacular, glorious, fabulous等词。
4.建造在茂盛的绿草地上：“茂盛的绿草地"即“富饶的绿草地”，故译为rest on rich green grassland。
5.像玉盘里的珍珠：“像...”可以用give the appearance of…来表达，还可以用look like或seem like表达，其后加名词，如果没有like则要加形容词。
6.将...与...相结合：可译为combine…with...
英语四级翻译练习题：家中度假
家中度假(staycation)是指一个人或一家人待在家里休息，或者在离家不远的景点游览的一段时光。人们在家中度假的原因很多，如家庭预算紧张、出游成本不断攀升，或者孩子太小。对于大多数中国人来说。节假日期间景区人山人海，高速公路、城市道路拥堵(congestion)，是促使他们家中度假的两大主要原因。常见的家中度假活动包括在家里招待朋友、游览当地的公园和博物馆，或参与当地一些节日活动等。家中度假也可以丰富多彩，它将成为一种新的度假趋势。
参考翻译:
A staycation refers to a period in which an individualor a family stays at home for relaxing or takes tripsto nearby tourist attractions.There are variousreasons for people to take a staycation,like tightfamily budgets,rising travel costs or having veryyoung kids.For the majority of Chinese people,overcrowded tourist sites,congestion onexpressways and city roads during holidays are the two major factors contributing to theirstaycations.Common activities of a staycation include entertaining friends at home,visitinglocal parks and museums,and attending local festival colebfations.A staycation can be rich andcolorful,and it will become a now trend for vacation.
1.第一句话中的主干结构为“家中度假是指...一段时光”，因为定语过长，可将定语处理成which引导的定语从句。
2. “如家庭预算紧张、出游成本不断攀升，或者孩子太小”具体列举人们在家中度假的原因，翻译“紧张”、“攀升"和“太小”时可采用“形容词+名词”的结构，即like tight familybudgets, rising travel costs or having very youngkids，比较符合英文表达习惯。
3.在“节假日期间景区人山人海，高速公路、城市道路拥堵，是促使他们家中度假的两大主要原因”一句中，“景区人山人海”和“高速公路、城市道路拥堵”都是主谓短语，可理解成“人山人海的景区”和“拥堵的高速公路、 城市道路”分别译作overcrowded tourist sites和congestion on expressways and city roads，符合英文中多用名词表达的语言特点。
4.最后一句由两个分句组成，可译为两个并列句，用连接间and连接。
英语四级翻译练习题：北京大学
北京大学于1898年成立，原名为京师大学堂(the ImperialUniversity of Peking)。该大学的成立标志着中国近代史上高等教育的开始。在中国近代史上，它是进步思想的中心，对中国新文化运动、五四运动及其他重要事件的发生颇有影响。今天，国内不少高校排行榜将北京大学放入国内顶尖大学之列。该校重视教学和科学研究。为提高本科生教育和研究生教育质量、保持其领先研究机构的地位，学校已做出很大努力。此外，学校尤以其校园环境及优美的中国传统建筑而闻名。
参考翻译:
Originally known as the Imperial University ofPeking,Peking University was established in1898.The establishment of the University markedthe beginning of higher education in China's modernhistory.In modern history of China,it was a center forprogressive thought and was influential in the birth of China's New Culture Movement,theMay Fourth Movement and many other significant events.Today, Peking University was placedby many domestic university rankings amongst the top universities in China.The universitylays emphasis on both teaching,and scientific research.It has made great efforts to improvethe undergraduate and graduate education,and maintain its role as a leading researchinstitution.In addition,the University is especially renowned for its campus environmentand the beauty of its traditional Chinese architecture.
1.表示某事物的成立，需用被动语态;“原名京师大学堂”即最初的名字，可译为and its original name was...;也可与前面句子共用主语Peking University，译为was originallyknown as...，但这两种处理方法都不如将其处理为过去分词短语originally known as...来得简洁地道。
2.注意第二句中“中国近代史”的译法，“近代史”通常译为modern history。“现代史”则译为contemporaryhistory。“标志着…的开始”可以套用mark the beginning of...句型表达。注意，不要一看到“标志”就翻译为symbolize，该词一般指“某事物的象征意义”，用于此不合适。
3.第三句中的“对…的发生颇有影响”的中心词是“有影响”(was influential)，“对…的发生”表明产生影响的方面，用介词in。“发生”在此处强调的是状态，而不是动作，因此用in the birth of表达。
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